論功能性與性能如何提高軟件的質(zhì)量

內(nèi) 容 摘 要

摘隨著軟件規(guī)模的不斷擴(kuò)大，軟件設(shè)計(jì)的復(fù)雜程度不斷提高，軟件開發(fā)中出現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤或缺陷的機(jī)會(huì)越來(lái)越多。同時(shí)，市場(chǎng)對(duì)軟件質(zhì)量重要性的認(rèn)識(shí)逐漸增強(qiáng)。所以，軟件測(cè)試在軟件項(xiàng)目實(shí)施過(guò)程中的重要性日益突出。

軟件功能性測(cè)試是軟件質(zhì)量保證的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)，在軟件生命周期中占有重要的地位。理論上軟件本身的缺陷都可在功能性測(cè)試階段被暴漏，因此軟件功能性測(cè)試方法是提高軟件可靠性及軟件質(zhì)量最有效、最直接的方法之一。

性能是軟件在市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中一個(gè)強(qiáng)有力的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)點(diǎn)，性能的測(cè)試與優(yōu)化對(duì)于軟件整體提升自己的性能，贏得市場(chǎng)的份額具有決定性因素。性能測(cè)試的主要目的就是驗(yàn)證一個(gè)軟件產(chǎn)品可以允許多少用戶并發(fā)訪問(wèn)，性能指標(biāo)如響應(yīng)時(shí)間、CPU和內(nèi)存占用率是多少。一般來(lái)說(shuō)這種測(cè)試無(wú)法手工做，需要借助于工具，如LoadRunner等等。

[關(guān)鍵詞] 功能性測(cè)試,功能性測(cè)試流程,功能性測(cè)試方法,性能測(cè)試，虛擬用戶，負(fù)載測(cè)試，壓力測(cè)試，事務(wù)，集合點(diǎn)

Abstract

With the expansion of the scale of software, increasing the complexity of the software design, errors or defects in the software development more and more opportunities. At the same time, the market recognition of the importance of software quality gradually increased. So, the importance of software testing in software project implementation process is becoming more and more prominent.

Software functional testing is the key technology of software quality assurance, occupies an important position in the software life cycle. Software itself defects can be theoretically was exposed in functional testing phase, so the software functional testing method is to improve the software reliability and software quality as one of the most effective and most direct way.

Software performance is a strong point of competition in market competition, performance testing and optimization software for overall improve their performance, win the market share of the decisive factors. The main purpose of the performance test is to verify a software product allows concurrent access to many users, the performance indicators such as response time, CPU and memory usage rate is how much. In general the test cannot be made by hand, need the help of tools, such as LoadRunner, etc.

key words:functional testing,functional testing process,functional testing, performance testing,virtual users,load test,stress test,transaction,the collection point.

目    錄

1.功能性測(cè)試概述 1

1.1功能性測(cè)試的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn) 1

1.1.1功能性測(cè)試方法 1

1.1.2利用功能性測(cè)試方法可以發(fā)現(xiàn)軟件中存在的問(wèn)題 2

1.1.3功能性測(cè)試流程 2

2.性能測(cè)試研究 3

2.1性能測(cè)試概述 3

2.1.1 性能測(cè)試的目的 3

2.1.2 性能測(cè)試類型 3

2.1.3性能測(cè)試流程 4

2.2性能測(cè)試工具 4

2.2.1LoadRunner的組成 4

2.2.2LoadRunner測(cè)試流程 4

3.功能性測(cè)試的實(shí)踐 5

3.1項(xiàng)目分析與規(guī)劃測(cè)試 5

3.1.1項(xiàng)目概述 5

3.1.2項(xiàng)目分析 5

3.1.3規(guī)劃測(cè)試 6

3.1.4編寫測(cè)試案例與執(zhí)行測(cè)試 6

3.2結(jié)合功能性測(cè)試案例進(jìn)行性能測(cè)試 8

3.2.1功能概述 8

3.2.2性能測(cè)試準(zhǔn)備 9

3.2.3設(shè)計(jì)壓力應(yīng)用思路 9

3.2.4經(jīng)功能性測(cè)試實(shí)際運(yùn)用分析 9

4.創(chuàng)建用戶腳本 10

4.1.1完善測(cè)試腳本 10

4.1.2用參數(shù)化取代常量值 11

4.1.3集合點(diǎn) 11

4.1.3腳本檢驗(yàn) 12

4.2方案執(zhí)行 12

4.2.1場(chǎng)景創(chuàng)建 12

4.2.2加壓計(jì)劃 13

4.3運(yùn)行結(jié)果 13

5.此項(xiàng)目的總結(jié)分析 14

注釋 15

參考文獻(xiàn) 16

致 謝 17