淺談PLC的雙速六層電梯控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)

共104頁(yè) 字?jǐn)?shù)：31639

摘要
隨著城市建設(shè)的不斷發(fā)展，高層建筑不斷增多。電梯作為高層建筑中垂直運(yùn)行的交通工具已與人們的日常生活密不可分。傳統(tǒng)的電梯控制系統(tǒng)采用的是繼電器邏輯控制電路，這種控制易出故障，維護(hù)不便，運(yùn)行壽命短，占地空間大，正逐步被淘汰。
為了提高自動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)的可靠性和設(shè)備的工作效率，設(shè)計(jì)了一套以PLC為核心控制器的電梯自動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)，用來(lái)取代以往的較復(fù)雜的繼電器—接觸器控制。系統(tǒng)的核心部分（控制部分）使用了日本三菱公司生產(chǎn)的FX2N-80MR型PLC，因?yàn)樵诤诵目刂撇糠植捎玫氖擒浖绦蚩刂疲瑥亩诒ＷC電梯正常運(yùn)行這個(gè)要求的情況下，大大的提高了電梯故障檢查與維修的方便性和容易性，同時(shí)還克服了手動(dòng)操作所帶來(lái)的一些人為干擾因素，取得了良好的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益和社會(huì)效益。
關(guān)鍵詞：PLC；電梯；邏輯控制；程序設(shè)計(jì)



Abstract
Along with the urban construction development unceasing, the high rise building increases unceasingly too. Elevator as a vertical transport operation in the high rise building, it was closely related to the people's daily life. The traditional elevator control system uses logic of the relay to control circuit, this kind of controls easily to be crash, maintains inconveniently, the movement life is short, and that occupying a large area of space, it being eliminated gradually.
For raising the credibility of the automatic control system and the work efficiency of the equipments, design a set of take PLC as the core controller of the elevator auto control system, using to replace former more complicated of after electric appliances-the contact machine control. The core part(control part) of the system used a Japanese Mitsubishi company to produce of the FX2N - 80 MR type PLC is the software procedure control in the core because of what to control the part adoption, thus Be promising the elevator circulates normally under the circumstance of[with] this request, raised elevator to break down check and the convenience and easy for maintain consumedly, still overcame to move an operation some artificial interference factors bring in the meantime, obtain the good economic performance and social performance.
Key words: PLC; elevator; logic control; program design
目錄
前言 1
1　電梯的概述 2
1.1　電梯的發(fā)展簡(jiǎn)史 2
1.2　電梯的運(yùn)行工作情況 2
1.3　電梯控制系統(tǒng)的組成 4
2　三菱FX2N 系列可編程序控制器介紹 5
2.1　可編程控制器的基礎(chǔ)認(rèn)識(shí) 5
2.2　可編程序控制器的工作方式及編程語(yǔ)言 7
2.2.1　PLC的工作方式 7
2.2.2　PLC的編程語(yǔ)言 8
2.3　可編程序控制器與繼電器、微機(jī)在電梯控制中的應(yīng)用比較 8
3　交流雙速電梯的電氣設(shè)計(jì) 10
3.1　交流雙速電梯的基本工作原理 10
3.1.1　交流雙速電梯的主電路 10
3.1.2　電梯的主要電氣設(shè)備 11
3.2　輸入輸出設(shè)計(jì) 13
4　PLC梯形圖設(shè)計(jì) 15
4.1　程序說(shuō)明 15
4.1.1　算法說(shuō)明 15
4.1.2　程序中相關(guān)存儲(chǔ)單元及中間繼電器的說(shuō)明 15
4.2　主程序設(shè)計(jì) 17
4.2.1　上下行指示燈輸出環(huán)節(jié) 17
4.2.2　反向樓層號(hào)預(yù)處理環(huán)節(jié) 17
4.2.3　樓層信號(hào)寫入環(huán)節(jié) 17
4.2.4　呼叫信號(hào)寫入環(huán)節(jié) 20
4.2.5　定向和等待信號(hào)設(shè)定環(huán)節(jié) 20
4.2.6　上行啟動(dòng)加速環(huán)節(jié) 20
4.2.7　下行啟動(dòng)加速環(huán)節(jié) 20
4.2.8　停止信號(hào)產(chǎn)生環(huán)節(jié) 23
4.2.9　轎箱減速過(guò)程環(huán)節(jié) 23
4.2.10　門控環(huán)節(jié) 25
4.2.11　上行或等待狀態(tài)反向信號(hào)處理環(huán)節(jié) 25
4.2.12　下行或等待狀態(tài)反向信號(hào)處理環(huán)節(jié) 25
4.2.13　上行同向信號(hào)處理環(huán)節(jié) 29
4.2.14　下行同向信號(hào)處理環(huán)節(jié) 30
4.2.15　內(nèi)部呼叫信號(hào)處理環(huán)節(jié) 31
4.2.16　子程序調(diào)用環(huán)節(jié) 32
4.3　子程序功能說(shuō)明 33
4.3.1　上行表排隊(duì)子程序模塊 33
4.3.2　下行表排隊(duì)子程序模塊 35
4.3.3　查詢上行表最大值子程序模塊 38
4.3.4　查詢下行表最小值子程序模塊 38
4.3.5　上行表已完成信號(hào)消除子程序模塊 41
4.3.6　下行表已完成信號(hào)消除子程序模塊 41
5　上位機(jī)組態(tài)設(shè)計(jì)及系統(tǒng)測(cè)試 45
5.1　RealInfo上位機(jī)組態(tài)設(shè)計(jì) 45
5.1.1　RealInfo介紹 45
5.1.2　上位機(jī)組態(tài)設(shè)計(jì)相關(guān)說(shuō)明 45
5.1.3　界面介紹 46
5.1.4　演示用腳本 46
5.2　系統(tǒng)功能測(cè)試 63
5.2.1　等待狀態(tài)時(shí)的功能測(cè)試 63
5.2.2　上行狀態(tài)時(shí)的功能測(cè)試 68
5.2.3　下行狀態(tài)時(shí)的功能測(cè)試 68
5.3　系統(tǒng)說(shuō)明 68
6　結(jié)論 69
致謝 70
參考文獻(xiàn) 71
附錄A 中文文獻(xiàn) 72
附錄B 英文文獻(xiàn) 83

參考文獻(xiàn)
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[11]《FX1S，F(xiàn)X1N，F(xiàn)X2N，F(xiàn)X2NC系列編程手冊(cè)》

①high reliability, anti-interference capability;
②programming visual, simple;
③ adaptability good;
④ functional improvements, strong functional interface.
Programmable Logic Controllers (PLC), a computing device invented by Richard E. Morley, have been widely used in industry including manufacturing systems, transportation systems, chemical process facilities, and many others. At that time, the PLC replaced the hardwired logic with soft-wired logic or so-called relay ladder logic (RLL), a programming language visually resembling the hardwired logic, and reduced thereby the configuration time from 6 months down to 6 days.
Although PC based control has started to come into place, PLC based control will remain the technique to which the majority of industrial applications will adhere due to its higher performance, lower price, and superior reliability in harsh environments. Moreover, according to a study on the PLC market of Frost and Sullivan, an increase of the annual sales volume to 15 million PLCs per year with the hardware value of more than 8 billion US dollars has been predicted, though the prices of computing hardware is steadily dropping. The inventor of the PLC, Richard E Morley, fairly considers the PLC market as a 5-billion industry at the present time.