[外文翻譯]影響電力系統(tǒng)運行的因素和電力系統(tǒng)監(jiān)控/Hazards to Power System Operation and Electric Power System Monitoring
內包含中文翻譯和英文原文，內容完善，建議下載閱覽。

①中文頁數(shù) 3

中文字數(shù) 1914

② 英文頁數(shù) 4

英文字數(shù) 1148

③ 摘要
雷電容易影響架空線路。當雷電擊中輸電線路或其附近物體時，線路上產(chǎn)生暫態(tài)電壓。高壓電路的相間以及相對接地體．如桿塔）間均有很大的絕緣距離。當接地線遭受雷擊時，雷電可經(jīng)過架空地線流入大地，不會給運行造成什么影響。但是，有時輸電線路會遭受雷擊，從而在輸電線路上產(chǎn)生倡但很高的暫態(tài)電壓：這種電壓會引起線路絕緣子串的電弧放軌一旦絕緣子串上建立電弧，電流會通過它流動而引起線路斷電。雷電過電壓具有很高的幅值，但持續(xù)時間極短，以微秒計算。由此可見，雷電對系統(tǒng)正常運行影響很大。配電線路的運行電壓通常為12千伏或更低，它們由相對較少的絕緣子串懸掛，所以即使雷電不足以擊倒輸電線路。它也會在線路上引起感應電壓，從而導致絕緣子串閃絡。這種電弧放電會影響系統(tǒng)運行，通常可通過斷電來消除故障。跑路一斷，電弧熄滅，此時線路可重新合閘架空線易受到大風和冰雹的侵襲

Overhead lines are vulnerable to troubles caused by lightning. When lightning strikes a line or a nearby object, a transient voltage is created on the line ,Hihg-voltage circuits have large spacing between conductors and from conductors to grounded objects, such as towers. Direct strokes to such lines are usually diverted to ground through overhead ground wires and may cause no interference with operation. Occasionally strokes terminate directly on the power conductors and introduce onto them transient transient voltages of such magnitude that archer across insulator strings may result. Once an arc is established, power current flows through it until the circuit is deenergized . Lightning voltages may be of high magnitude but are of very short duration; their time is measured in microseconds. As a result, their effects are most noticeable at the point where the stroke occurs. Distribution lines, which operate at perhaps 12kV or less, are mounted on relatively small insulators, which may be flashed over by the voltage induced in a line even though the lightning stroke does not contact the line. Such resulting arcs interfere with operation and usually are eliminated by deenergizing the line. When the line is deenergized . The arc is extinguished and, very commonly, the line may be reenergizing immediately.

④關鍵字 電力系統(tǒng)/ Electric Power