移動式X射線機的逆變電路設(shè)計

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摘要 隨著科技的飛速發(fā)展,醫(yī)院裝備了眾多高精度的影像醫(yī)療設(shè)備,如超聲、MRI、X射線設(shè)備(包括普通X射線機、數(shù)字X射線機、計算機斷層掃描(CT)等)等。在這些影像醫(yī)療設(shè)備中,因X射線設(shè)備的技術(shù)更加成熟,所以已經(jīng)成為各大醫(yī)院最主要的醫(yī)療診斷設(shè)備。X射線設(shè)備不僅現(xiàn)在是醫(yī)院最主要的診斷設(shè)備,在今后相當長的一段時間內(nèi),它將繼續(xù)在醫(yī)院的診斷設(shè)備中占據(jù)最主要的位置,而且隨著我國城鎮(zhèn)化進程加速進行,各級醫(yī)院設(shè)備的需求與更新,將需要大量的X射線設(shè)備。
現(xiàn)在的醫(yī)用X射線設(shè)備主要由高頻高壓發(fā)生器、X射線球管、X射線探測器等部件組成。本文主要研究X線機高頻高壓發(fā)生器的逆變電路。為了實現(xiàn)從工頻到高頻的變換,需要先將工頻交流電整流濾波為平整的直流電壓,然后通過高速關(guān)器件構(gòu)成的逆變?nèi)珮?將直流電壓逆變?yōu)轭l率受控制的高頻交流電壓；同時有了逆變電路，X線機可以實現(xiàn)電池功能，使X線機變的可移動，便攜化。因為不管什么機器，都主要由這些基本的電路構(gòu)成，研究逆變電路，可以為今后的工作打下基礎(chǔ)。因此逆變電路，是一個很基礎(chǔ)但又非常重要的研究課題。
本文提出了X線機的主逆變電路和燈絲逆變電路的設(shè)計方案，并繪制了原理圖。然后又分析了本設(shè)計所涉及的元器件，并對元器件的性能做了分析比較。最后作了基于multisim10.0局部電路的仿真，進一步了解逆變電路的原理和性能。

關(guān)鍵字： X線機 主逆變 燈絲逆變 全橋逆變

Study and design of inverter circuit of Mobile X-ray machine
Abstract With the rapid development of technology, the hospital is equipped with many high precision medical imaging equipment, such as ultrasonic, MRI, X-ray equipment (including common X-ray machine, digital X-ray machine, computer tomography (CT) and so on).In the medical imaging equipment, due to X-ray equipment technology more mature, so it has become each big hospital medical diagnostic equipment the main. X-ray equipment not only is now the main diagnostic equipment in the hospital, in the future for a long period of time, it will still to occupy the main position in the diagnosis of equipment of the hospital, and with China's urbanization process accelerated, all levels of hospital equipment needs and more new, will require X-ray equipment the.
Medical X-ray equipment now is mainly composed of high frequency high voltage generator, X ray tube, X-ray detector and other components.This paper mainly studies the inverter circuit of high frequency X ray high voltage generator.In order to realize from the frequency to high frequency transform, need the first alternating current rectifier filter for DC voltage level, and then through the high-speed turn device consisting of full bridge inverter, the DC voltage inverter for high frequency AC voltage and frequency control;At the same time of the inverter circuit, X-ray machine can realize the function of the battery, mobile X-ray machine change, portable.Because most of machines are mainly composed of these basic circuit, the inverter circuit, can lay the foundation for future work,Therefore, the inverter circuit, is a very basic but very important topic.
This paper puts forward the design scheme of the X-ray machine main inverter circuit and filament inverter circuit, and draw the diagram.Then analyzed the design of the components, and the performance of the components of the analysis done.Finally, the simulation based on multisim10.0 local circuit, to further understand the principle and performance of the inverter circuit.
Key words: X-ray machine main inverter filament inverter full bridge inverter

目錄
第一章 引言 1
1.1 X線機逆變電路研究背景 1
1.1.1 X線機的發(fā)展 1
1.1.2 逆變電路的發(fā)展狀況 2
1.2 課題研究的背景、主要內(nèi)容和意義 4
1.2.1 課題的研究背景 4
1.3 小結(jié) 6
第二章 逆變電路的原理和結(jié)構(gòu) 7
2.1 逆變電路理論基礎(chǔ) 7
2.1.1 逆變電路分類 7
2.1.2 逆變器工作原理 8
2.1.3 PWM控制原理 10
2.2 逆變電路結(jié)構(gòu)分析和選擇 14
2.3 小結(jié) 15
第三章 主電路的設(shè)計與分析 16
3.1 X射線機的模塊分析 16
3.1.1 逆變電路框圖 16
3.1.2 逆變電路原理圖設(shè)計 17
3.2 硬件的實現(xiàn) 20
3.2.1 電路元器件的分析 20
3.2.2 元器件的選定 22
3.3 小結(jié) 23
第四章 仿真電路的設(shè)計與實驗數(shù)據(jù) 24
4.1 仿真電路的設(shè)計 24
4.2 仿真數(shù)據(jù)和結(jié)果 25
4.3 小結(jié) 27
第五章 總結(jié)與展望 28
5.1 本文總結(jié) 28
5.2 展望 28
致謝 29
參考文獻 30
附錄 32
附錄A：主逆變原理圖 32
附錄B：燈絲逆變原理圖 33
附錄C：控制電路原理圖 34