太陽能光伏LED路燈控制系統(tǒng)研究

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摘要：太陽能是取之不盡，用之不竭的能源。伴隨著技術(shù)、材料的不斷進(jìn)步發(fā)展，人類對(duì)太陽能的利用將會(huì)更為廣闊，新興的太陽能產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展前景無限。作為同時(shí)橫跨“新能源”和“節(jié)能環(huán)?！眱纱螽a(chǎn)業(yè)的太陽能產(chǎn)業(yè)也將成為“十二五”計(jì)劃中投資的最大受益者。作為太陽能產(chǎn)業(yè)中重要組成部分的光伏照明行業(yè)未來發(fā)展前景廣闊。太陽能光伏照明技術(shù)是太陽能電池片技術(shù)與LED技術(shù)的綜合應(yīng)用，光伏照明行業(yè)是太陽能光伏發(fā)電產(chǎn)業(yè)和LED照明產(chǎn)業(yè)的交叉領(lǐng)域，主要是利用太陽能光伏發(fā)電產(chǎn)生電能，并將電能應(yīng)用于LED照明，實(shí)現(xiàn)真正意義上的“綠色照明”。
太陽能作為一種可再生無污染的新型能源與LED光源的結(jié)合并使用，使其前景廣闊。由于太陽能的輸出功率呈現(xiàn)非線性，受溫度以及光照強(qiáng)度等條件影響而時(shí)刻變化，為了最大限度的獲得太陽能，需要利用最大功率跟蹤方案使其始終輸出最大功率。本文采用一種有限電流誤差的最大功率跟蹤控制(LCMPPT)，并以此設(shè)計(jì)了能量雙向流動(dòng)的充放電控制器。
LED負(fù)載特性是非線性的，供電電源電壓的細(xì)微波動(dòng)會(huì)引起負(fù)載電流的劇烈震蕩。為保證 LED 能夠正常工作，需要設(shè)計(jì)專用的電流源驅(qū)動(dòng)器。然而，新型 LED器件對(duì)LED 驅(qū)動(dòng)器提出了嚴(yán)苛要求。因此，本文開發(fā)了基于STM8S系微控制器的智能大功率 LED路燈控制系統(tǒng)。

關(guān)鍵詞：太陽能，最大功率跟蹤(MPPT)，LED，控制系統(tǒng)

Solar Photovoltaic LED Lights Control System

Abstract Solar energy is an inexhaustible source of energy. With the technology continues to progress, the development of the material, human use of solar energy will be broader, emerging solar industry development potential. As the same time across the "new energy" and "green energy" two industries solar energy industry will become the biggest beneficiary of the "Twelfth Five-Year" plan investments. As the solar industry in the future an important part of the broad prospects for development of photovoltaic lighting industry. Solar lighting technology is the application of solar cells integrated technology and LED technology, photovoltaic solar photovoltaic lighting industry is the intersection of industry and LED lighting industry, mainly using solar photovoltaic generated electricity, and applied power LED lighting to achieve "green light" in the true sense.
Solar energy is a renewable non-polluting energy and combined with the new LED light source, making this approach possible. Since solar power output is nonlinear,and subject to conditions such as the effects of temperature and light intensity and time changes, so need to use the maximum power point tracking program it is always the maximum power output. Based on the analysis of the system, we use a finite maximum power current error tracking control (LCMPPT), and thus the charge and discharge controller designed two-way flow of energy.
LED load characteristics are nonlinear, power supply voltage fluctuations can cause severe shock slight load current. In order to work properly, we need to design a dedicated current source drives. However, the new LED driver for LED devices made stringent requirements. Therefore, this paper developed an intelligent control system with high-power LED street light based on STM8S microcontroller.

Keywords: solar energy, maximum power point tracking (MPPT), LED, control system
目 錄

第一章 緒論 1
1.1 課題研究的背景和意義 1
1.2 LED照明領(lǐng)域發(fā)展和現(xiàn)狀 2
1.3 太陽能領(lǐng)域發(fā)展前景和優(yōu)勢(shì) 3
1.4太陽能半導(dǎo)體照明系統(tǒng) 5
1.5光伏LED控制系統(tǒng) 6
1.6本文工作 7
第二章 太陽能電池最大功率點(diǎn)跟蹤方法 9
2.1太陽能光伏電池結(jié)構(gòu)及工作原理 9
2.2光伏電池的伏安特性 11
2.3常用MPPT方法簡(jiǎn)述與比較 13
2.4有限電流誤差的最大功率跟蹤控制—LCMPPT 19
2.4.1 LCMPPT控制原理 19
2.4.2 Buck型充電控制系統(tǒng)建模分析 21
第三章 太陽能光伏LED系統(tǒng)的分析與設(shè)計(jì) 27
3.1概述 28
3.2 STM8S系單片機(jī)簡(jiǎn)介 28
3.3 硬件電路分析 28
3.3.1 電流采樣電路 29
3.3.2 電壓采樣電路 30
3.3.3 蓄電池充電控制 31
3.3.4 系統(tǒng)核心控制部件 33
3.3.5輔助電路設(shè)計(jì) 34
3.4 控制程序設(shè)計(jì) 36
3.4.1 系統(tǒng)整體控制設(shè)計(jì) 36
3.4.2 蓄電池控制設(shè)計(jì) 37
3.4.3 最大功率跟蹤(MPPT)控制設(shè)計(jì) 38
2.4.4 LED照明控制設(shè)計(jì) 39
第四章 總結(jié)與展望 41
4.1總結(jié) 41
4.2展望 41
參考文獻(xiàn) 42
致謝 44