“詩(shī)言志”新釋

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目 錄
一、“詩(shī)言志”觀念探源 6
（一）“詩(shī)言志”產(chǎn)生于堯舜時(shí)期 6
（二）“詩(shī)言志”產(chǎn)生于春秋戰(zhàn)國(guó)時(shí)期 7
（三）“詩(shī)言志“產(chǎn)生于秦漢時(shí)期 7
二、“詩(shī)言志”觀念的嬗變 8
（一）上古時(shí)期與原始巫術(shù)、宗教活動(dòng)緊密關(guān)聯(lián) 8
（二）先秦時(shí)期與詩(shī)教密切相關(guān) 9
1.獻(xiàn)詩(shī)陳志 9
2.賦詩(shī)言志 10
3.教詩(shī)明志 10
4.作詩(shī)言志 11
（三）秦漢時(shí)期達(dá)到政教、倫理的高峰 12
（四）魏晉時(shí)期“詩(shī)緣情”對(duì)審美趣味的強(qiáng)調(diào) 12
三、“詩(shī)言志”的本質(zhì)內(nèi)涵 14
（一）以樂(lè)教為中心的時(shí)代 14
（二）“詩(shī)言志”本質(zhì)內(nèi)涵新釋 14
結(jié)論 15
致謝 17
參考文獻(xiàn)： 18


摘要 “詩(shī)言志”是中國(guó)古代儒家詩(shī)學(xué)理論“開(kāi)山的綱領(lǐng)”，其最早的文本來(lái)源是《尚書(shū)·堯典》。關(guān)于“詩(shī)言志”這一觀念的形成時(shí)間，學(xué)界莫衷一是，有人認(rèn)為產(chǎn)生自堯舜時(shí)期，有人認(rèn)為產(chǎn)生于春秋戰(zhàn)國(guó)時(shí)期，也有人認(rèn)為不會(huì)早于秦漢之際。而“詩(shī)言志”中“志”的內(nèi)容在不同的歷史時(shí)期也有不同的指向，上古時(shí)期與原始巫術(shù)、宗教緊密結(jié)合在一起，是巫?？谥械淖６\之辭；先秦時(shí)期始與儒家結(jié)合，意指“溫柔敦厚”的詩(shī)教；秦漢時(shí)期儒家將“志”的功利內(nèi)涵發(fā)揮到頂峰，指向政治教化；魏晉時(shí)期，經(jīng)學(xué)衰微，文士沖破儒家倫理教化的桎梏，強(qiáng)調(diào)詩(shī)歌的審美趣味，最終提出了“詩(shī)緣情”的觀點(diǎn)?！霸?shī)言志”命題在各個(gè)時(shí)代歷經(jīng)洗禮，產(chǎn)生了各種不同的理論，但是有兩條線索貫穿始終，那就是“詩(shī)言情”和“詩(shī)言政教”。在考察“詩(shī)言志”的產(chǎn)生時(shí)代和嬗變過(guò)程之后，無(wú)疑“詩(shī)言情”更加符合詩(shī)作為一種文學(xué)體裁的本質(zhì)內(nèi)涵。

關(guān)鍵詞：詩(shī)言志 產(chǎn)生時(shí)間 涵義嬗變 本質(zhì)內(nèi)涵


New interpretation of "poems expressing wills"
Abstract " Poems expressing wills " is the ancient Chinese Confucian poetics theory " mountains of the program", the source of its earliest text is " Book·Yaodian ". "About" Poems expressing wills " the idea of the formation time , scholars varies, some people think that it arose from Yao and Shun period , others think it was produced in the Spring and Autumn Period, some people do not think it would be early in the Qin and Han Dynasties . And its content " Chi" have different points in different historical periods , in ancient times the original witchcraft, religion closely together, the prayers of speech Wu Zhu’s mouth ; the pre-Qin Dynasty Confucian combination, means "gentle" to teach poetry ; Qin and Han Dynasty the Confucian "Chi" utilitarian connotation play to the summit, pointing to political indoctrination ; Wei and Jin Dynasties, the decline of classical studies, the scribes to break the shackles of Confucian ethics enlightenment, emphasizing aesthetic poetry, finally proposed a "Poem expressing emotion" point of view. "Poems expressing wills " proposition is changing at all times, resulting in a variety of different theories, but there are two clues throughouting it , that is, " Poem expressing emotion " and " Poem expressing politics." After the investigation poem’s generation times and transmutation process, it is no doubt that " Poem expressing emotion " is more in line with poetry as a literary genre of the essential connotation.

Key words poems expressing wills generation time meaning transmutation Essential connotation