基于法拉第筒法的靜電噴霧荷質(zhì)比測(cè)量裝置的設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)驗(yàn)

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【摘要】 為提高荷電霧滴荷質(zhì)比測(cè)量裝置穩(wěn)定性，根據(jù)法拉第筒法設(shè)計(jì)了結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單且具實(shí)用性的荷質(zhì)比測(cè)量裝置，并設(shè)計(jì)了數(shù)據(jù)采集和處理系統(tǒng)。利用MATLAB編寫了荷質(zhì)比分析軟件，可以實(shí)時(shí)得到整個(gè)采集過(guò)程中荷質(zhì)比的最大值、最小值、平均值和變化曲線圖，從而可直觀的看出整個(gè)采集過(guò)程中荷質(zhì)比值的變化。以水代替農(nóng)藥，運(yùn)用背負(fù)式靜電噴霧器進(jìn)行噴霧。以高壓、接地、屏蔽、噴頭與集霧筒相關(guān)位置和外界信號(hào)為主因子，分析影響該測(cè)量裝置輸出電信號(hào)變化的原因，研究影響荷質(zhì)比穩(wěn)定性的因素。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明：將荷質(zhì)比測(cè)量裝置放置在一個(gè)相對(duì)穩(wěn)定獨(dú)立的空間，做好內(nèi)筒接地且加有10電阻、無(wú)無(wú)線信號(hào)干擾、測(cè)量系統(tǒng)屏蔽和噴頭離集霧筒底L=200mm，所測(cè)得荷質(zhì)比值較為可觀，其變異系數(shù)（CV%）為3%。
該荷質(zhì)比測(cè)量裝置輕便，易于搬運(yùn)，測(cè)量精確，可適用于測(cè)量田間或者室內(nèi)荷電粒子荷質(zhì)比。



關(guān)鍵詞：法拉第筒 靜電噴霧 荷質(zhì)比


Design and Experimental Study on Faraday Cylinder Measurement Device Used for Analysis the Mass to Charge Ratio of the Charged Droplets

Abstract In order to improve the stability of the charge-mass ratio(CMR) measurement device for charged droplets, designed the CMR measurement device with simple structure and practical function according to Faraday cylinder method, and designed a data acquisition and processing system. Use MATLAB to write the CMR analysis software, which can get the maximum, minimum, average and variation curve of CMR in real time of the whole acquisition process, and can see CMR changes in the whole acquisition process intuitively. Instead of pesticide, water is used in the knapsack electrostatic sprayer to spray. The high pressure,grounding,shielding,sprinkler and the position of the nozzle and the cylinder and external signal is given priority to spray, analyze reasons of the measurement device output signals’ changes, and study the factors of affecting the CMR stability. The experimental results show that set the CMR measurement device in a relatively stable and separate space and complete the grounding inner barrel with adding 10 resistance, no electromagnetic interference and measurement system shielding, and the position of the nozzle and the cylinder is 200mm.The measured CMR is impressive,and the coefficient of variation (CV% )is 3%.
Key words Faraday cup，electrostatic spray，charge to mass ratio
目錄

第一章 緒論 5
1.1 研究背景與現(xiàn)狀 5
1.2 研究意義 6
第二章 荷質(zhì)比測(cè)量裝置的設(shè)計(jì) 8
2.1 測(cè)量方式的選擇 8
2.3 荷質(zhì)比測(cè)量裝置的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)的對(duì)比 9
2 .5 荷質(zhì)比測(cè)量裝置的主要結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù) 12
2.6 數(shù)據(jù)采集與處理系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì) 13
第三章 裝配過(guò)程 14
1 外框架的組裝 14
第四章 實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果與分析 15
4.1 非噴霧荷電與否的對(duì)比 16
4.1.1 非噴霧非荷電情況 16
4.1.2 非噴霧荷電 16
4.2 噴霧荷電與否的對(duì)比 17
4.3 集霧內(nèi)筒接地與否的對(duì)比 18
4.4 屏蔽與否的對(duì)比 18
4.5 噴頭在集霧筒內(nèi)的位置對(duì)比 19
4.6 無(wú)線信號(hào)與否的對(duì)比 20
結(jié) 論 21
致謝 22
參考文獻(xiàn) 23
附錄： 24