《WTO政府采購協(xié)定》對國內(nèi)政府采購制度的影響及挑戰(zhàn)


頁數(shù)：43 字數(shù)：21331

《WTO政府采購協(xié)定》對國內(nèi)政府采購制度的影響及挑戰(zhàn)
摘要
目前，政府采購制度在中國還處于建立的初期，學習和借鑒國際立法經(jīng)驗顯得尤為重要。本文從立法目標、法律適用范圍和采購方式的選擇和適用三個方面對WTO《政府采購協(xié)定》、《聯(lián)合國經(jīng)濟法委員會貨物、工程和服務采購示范法》以及國內(nèi)相關(guān)立法進行了比較分析。隨著我們對世貿(mào)組織的加入，加入GPA開放政府采購市場是遲早的事情。對此，我們在立法上應該有所準備，在采購的基本制度和運行規(guī)則上要注意與國際接軌。在加入GPA之前，我們應該充分發(fā)揮政府采購的合法貿(mào)易壁壘的作用，為國內(nèi)的相關(guān)產(chǎn)業(yè)提供必要的保護。在確定政府采購法的適用范圍的時候，要從采購項目的角度出發(fā)，利用項目資金的公共性、項目的競爭性和公益性的標準進行衡量。政府采購的采購方法及其適用是政府采購制度中的一個核心性的問題。從我國政府采購的立法目的上來看，應該將采購的重點放在那些公開程度高，競爭性強，規(guī)范性比較突出的采購方法上，對其他的方法的適用要加以嚴格的限制，從而保證政府采購制度和觀念的健康形成和發(fā)展；同時，要明確每種采購方法的適用條件，使采購者在采購實踐中正確選擇采購方法，使法律得以真正地貫徹實施。待政府采購市場對外開放之后，再給予那些限制競爭的采購方式以更多的關(guān)注，發(fā)揮它們的合法? 騁妝誒蕕淖饔謾?/P>
AbstractUp?till?now,?the?regulation?system?of?government?procurement?has?just?got?its?life,?so?studying?and?learning?the?international?government?procurement?law?seems?so?necessary?that?we?must?do?it?immediately.?This?article?from?the?view?of?the?aim,?the?scope?and?the?manner?and?its?use?scope?of?the?government?procurement?act?compare?and?analyze?the?Government?Procurement?Agreement?(GPA)?and?the?Model?law?of?procurement?on?goods?projects?and?services?issued?by?the?United?Nations?Community?on?Trade?Act.?After?the?joining?of?the?World?Trade?Organization?(WTO),?it?w ill?be?the?subject?of?time?for?china?to?sign?the?GPA?and?open?the?government?procurement?market?toward?the?world.?So?something?must?be?done?in?our?legislation?to?prepare?for?it,?the?regulation?in?of?basic?system?and?its?running?rule?should?fit?the?common?require?of?international?procurement?law.?But?before?we?sign?the?GPA,?we?should?use?the?system?of?government?procurement?as?a?good?trade?vallation?which?can?provide?some?developing?or?important?industry?with?legal?protection?from?the?foreign?competition.?To?decide?the?scope?in?which?the?procurement&nbs p;law?should?applicable,?we?should?start?our?view?from?the?procurement?items,?and?analyze?by?these?standards:?whether?the?fund?for?the?item?is?public;?whether?the?item?is?competitive;?whether?the?item?is?for?commonweal.?The?manners?of?the?government?procurement?and?their?use?is?the?top?subject?in?the?system.?To?fit?the?goal?of?our?government?procurement,?we?should?put?the?emphases?on?the?manners?which?is?open?competitive?and?well?regulated.?Other?manners?should?be?limited?to?ensure?the?system?and?concept?form?healthily.?For?each?manner,?it?should?be&nb sp;clarified?when?and?where?the?manner?can?come?into?use.?So?each?manner?can?be?use?exactly.?After?china?open?its?procurement?mar