電力零售(外文翻譯)

包含中文翻譯和英文原文，內(nèi)容詳細(xì)完整，建議下載參考！

中文： 5200 字
英文： 15600 字符


隨著北美電力行業(yè)的結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整之前，作為一個(gè)電力零售商未來電力銷售能盈利經(jīng)營嗎？具體而言，在競爭的銷售市場中，電力銷售，一般的天然氣工業(yè)，如何能夠與現(xiàn)任電力公司及其無管制的子公司進(jìn)行競爭？
什么職能彌補(bǔ)了電力行業(yè)的零售部分？可實(shí)際上，他們能分開嗎？未來電力銷售商預(yù)計(jì)哪部分可以將有利可圖？
潛在電力營銷商能如何優(yōu)化其現(xiàn)有零售資產(chǎn)？未來電力銷售商應(yīng)該解除目前正在做的工作的一部分合同？
未來的電力營銷商應(yīng)該添加其他輔助性企業(yè)，特別是天然氣嗎？這應(yīng)該如何去做？
背景
從它成立以來，電力供應(yīng)行業(yè)可以簡單地分為三個(gè)基本組成部分：
（1）發(fā)電
（2）傳輸
（3）分布
最初，電力公司擁有所有這些資產(chǎn)，這些資產(chǎn)在它的特許經(jīng)營領(lǐng)域內(nèi)被發(fā)現(xiàn)。隨著行業(yè)的發(fā)展以及它的巨大的增長，從鄰國電力市場購買高峰電價(jià)和儲(chǔ)備電力的能力，有時(shí)會(huì)更經(jīng)濟(jì)。隨著電力行業(yè)的發(fā)展，電力輸送意為著在電力設(shè)施它之間的電流。因此，對于一些不同程度最水電事業(yè)參與到企業(yè)的批發(fā)電力給對方的商業(yè)行為，往往作為買家和賣家。
然而，客戶群構(gòu)成了零售市場，直到PURPA客戶群仍然完好。雖然在有限的方式但這個(gè)行為開放零售市場。在“避免成本”中最大的獨(dú)立發(fā)電機(jī)是主要的批發(fā)銷售少量對東道國設(shè)施和大量的當(dāng)?shù)毓彩聵I(yè)的權(quán)力。規(guī)模較小的獨(dú)立發(fā)電機(jī)確實(shí)可用“圍墻內(nèi)的”一代以攻擊零售基地?！皣鷫?nèi)的”一代專為滿足要求的主機(jī)。一些公司設(shè)立了專門有包裝設(shè)備去攻擊這個(gè)市場。如醫(yī)院以它們的食物負(fù)荷因素是顯而易見的目標(biāo)，而其他部門，如學(xué)校和其他客戶提供窮人負(fù)荷因素，或不屬于熱能的用戶，零售市場的一些部門則不是。因此，工業(yè)和商業(yè)市場的很大部分甚至從來沒有通過這種類型的零售商接觸......


Electric Power Retailing
With the pending restructuring of the North American electric power industry, can a prospective power marketer profitably operate as a electric power retailer? Specifically, how will a power marketer, generally out of the natural gas industry, be able to compete against the incumbent electric utility and its unregulated affiliates in competitive retail markets?
What functions make up the retail segment of the electric power industry? Can they be segregated practicably? In which segments can a prospective power marketer expect to be profitable?
How can a prospective power marketer optimize its current retail assets? Should it contract out a segment of the work currently done in that segment?
Should a prospective power marketer add in other complementary businesses, particularly natural gas? How should this be done?
BACKGROUND
From it’s inception, he electrical supply industry could simply be divided into three basic components:
(1) Generation
(2) Transmission
(3) Distribution
Initially, all these assets were owned by the utility and found within it’s franchise area. With the evolution of the industry and it’s enormous growth, it became sometimes more economical to buy peaking and reserve capacity from neighboring utilities and with it the means of transporting the electricity between utilities. Therefore to some varying degree most utilities become involved in the business of wholesaling electricity to each other, often as both buyers and sellers ......