臥式端面銑床主軸箱設(shè)計(jì)

摘要
在機(jī)械制造工業(yè)中，由于被加工零件形狀和表面以及精度要求的不同而發(fā)展、產(chǎn)生了種類(lèi)繁多的金屬切削機(jī)床。在生產(chǎn)實(shí)際中大量使用銑床、磨床、鉆床、鏜床以及直線(xiàn)運(yùn)動(dòng)機(jī)床等。
數(shù)控機(jī)床是裝備制造業(yè)的工作母機(jī)，是實(shí)現(xiàn)制造技術(shù)和裝備現(xiàn)代化的基石，是保證高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展和國(guó)防軍工現(xiàn)代化的戰(zhàn)略裝備。在全球倡導(dǎo)綠色制造的大環(huán)境下，機(jī)床數(shù)控化改造成為了熱點(diǎn)。
課程設(shè)計(jì)是在學(xué)生學(xué)完相應(yīng)課程及先行課程之后進(jìn)行的實(shí)習(xí)性教學(xué)環(huán)節(jié)，是大學(xué)生的必修環(huán)節(jié)，其目的在于通過(guò)機(jī)床運(yùn)動(dòng)機(jī)械變速傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)，使學(xué)生在擬定傳動(dòng)和變速的結(jié)構(gòu)方案過(guò)程中，得到設(shè)計(jì)構(gòu)思，方案分析，結(jié)構(gòu)工藝性，機(jī)械制圖，零件計(jì)算，編寫(xiě)技術(shù)文件和查閱技術(shù)資料等方面的綜合訓(xùn)練，樹(shù)立正確的設(shè)計(jì)思想，掌握基本的設(shè)計(jì)方法，并培養(yǎng)學(xué)生具有初步的結(jié)構(gòu)分析，結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)和計(jì)算能力。
本次設(shè)計(jì)是對(duì)端面銑床主軸箱做了全面設(shè)計(jì)，對(duì)主軸箱內(nèi)部各部件（包括傳動(dòng)軸、主軸、齒輪、軸承等）做了詳細(xì)的設(shè)計(jì)與校核，使其滿(mǎn)足實(shí)際生產(chǎn)工作的需要。

關(guān)鍵詞：銑床   構(gòu)思    制圖    主軸箱   設(shè)計(jì)  校核
                

Abstract
In machine manufacture industry，because is processed the components shape and surface as well as the precision request different develops、has produced the type many metal cutting engine bed. Is producing actual massive uses the milling machine、the grinder、the drilling machine、the boring lathe as well as the translation engine bed and so on.
NC(numerical control) machine tools is the Machine Tools and equipment manufacturing, is to achieve manufacturing technology and the cornerstone of modern equipment is to ensure that high-tech industry development and national defense modernization of the military strategy and equipment. Green Manufacturing in the global advocacy of the environment, transformation of CNC machine tools to become a hot spot.
The curriculum design is the practice teaching link which carries on afterwards in the student study corresponding curriculum and the advance curriculum, is university student's compulsory link, its goal lies in through the engine bed movement power shifting transmission system structural design, causes the student in to draw up the transmission and in the speed change structure plan process, obtains the design idea, the plan analysis, the structure technology capability, the mechanical drawing, the components computation, the compilation technology document and aspect and so on consult technical data integrated trainings, set up the correct design concept, grasps the basic design method, and trains the student to have the preliminary structure analysis, the structural design and computation ability.
This design is an end milling machine main axle box for a comprehensive design.Within the various parts of the spindle box (including shaft,gear,shaft,bearing)made a detailed design and proofread,to meet the needs of the actual production work.

Key words: Milling machine     Idea            Charting   
           Main axle box       Design          Proofread
                   

                       目   錄

 摘  要 .....................................................................................................................I
      
第一章 緒論.......................................................................................................2
   1.1機(jī)床的發(fā)展況...............................................................................................2
    1.2設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)簡(jiǎn)介...............................................................................................3 1.3銑床的基本組成及其工作原理....................................................................3
第二章 機(jī)床總體方案設(shè)計(jì)
   2.1原有銑床現(xiàn)狀分析......................................................................................4
    2.2組成和工作原紹..........................................................................................4
   2.3傳動(dòng)方案的分析與比較..............................................................................5
   2.4銑床主要技術(shù)參數(shù)的確定..........................................................................6
   2.5主軸箱進(jìn)給運(yùn)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)改進(jìn)..........................................................................7
    2.6壓緊減速器的組成......................................................................................8
    2.7銑床的總體布局..........................................................................................8
第三章  主傳動(dòng)設(shè)計(jì)
   3.1  主傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)組成.........................................................................................8
   3.2  主傳動(dòng)方案擬定.........................................................................................9
    3.2.1  確定傳動(dòng)組及各傳動(dòng)組中的傳動(dòng)副的數(shù)目.......................................9
    3.2.2  傳動(dòng)式的擬定.......................................................................................9
    3.2.3  確定各變速齒輪傳動(dòng)副的齒數(shù)..........................................................10
    3.2.4 機(jī)床主要傳動(dòng)件的計(jì)算轉(zhuǎn)速確定........................................................11
  3.3  傳動(dòng)齒輪副的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算..............................................................................12
    3.3.1  第一對(duì)齒輪副的選擇校核..................................................................12
    3.3.2第二隊(duì)齒輪副的選擇與校核.................................................................15
    3.3.3第三對(duì)齒輪副計(jì)算、第四對(duì)齒輪副計(jì)算.............................................18
    3.3.4第五對(duì)齒輪.............................................................................................19
    3.3.5第六對(duì)齒輪參數(shù).....................................................................................22
  3.4傳動(dòng)軸的設(shè)計(jì)及計(jì)算.....................................................................................23
    3.4.1 軸的設(shè)計(jì)及計(jì)算 ..................................................................................23      
    3.4.2 軸的設(shè)計(jì)及驗(yàn)算...................................................................................27
    3.4.3III軸的設(shè)計(jì)及計(jì)算................................................................................35
    3.4.4IV軸的設(shè)計(jì)及計(jì)算...................................................................................36
  3.5軸承的計(jì)算......................................................................................................37
  3.6主軸及其組件設(shè)計(jì)..........................................................................................38
   3.6.1主軸直徑的確定........................................................................................38
   3.6.2主軸內(nèi)孔直徑的確定................................................................................38
   3.6.3主軸的合理跨距........................................................................................38
   3.6.4主軸軸承的選擇及配置.............................................................................39
     3.6.5主軸的剛度校核....................................................................................39第四章操縱機(jī)構(gòu)和潤(rùn)滑系統(tǒng)    
  4.1操作機(jī)構(gòu)..........................................................................................................43
  4.2潤(rùn)滑系統(tǒng)..........................................................................................................43
  4.2.1潤(rùn)滑系統(tǒng)要求..............................................................................................44
  4.2.2潤(rùn)滑劑的選擇..............................................................................................44
  4.3主軸箱的裝配..................................................................................................44
致謝...........................................................................................................................44
參考文獻(xiàn)............................................................................................................... 44