近年來(lái)，我省交通基礎(chǔ)建設(shè)得到迅猛發(fā)展，各地興建了大量的混凝土橋梁。在橋梁建造和使用過(guò)程中，有關(guān)因出現(xiàn)裂縫而影響工程質(zhì)量甚至導(dǎo)橋梁垮塌的報(bào)道屢見(jiàn)不鮮?；炷灵_(kāi)裂可以說(shuō)是“常發(fā)病”和“多發(fā)病”，經(jīng)常困擾著橋梁工程技術(shù)人員。其實(shí)，如果采取一定的設(shè)計(jì)和施工措施，很多裂縫是可以克服和控制的。為了進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)對(duì)混凝土橋梁裂縫的認(rèn)識(shí)，盡量避免工程中出現(xiàn)危害較大的裂縫，本文盡可能對(duì)混凝土橋梁裂縫的種類和產(chǎn)生的原因作較全面的分析、總結(jié)，以方便設(shè)計(jì)、施工找出控制裂縫的可行辦法，達(dá)到防范于未然的作用。
l 混凝土橋梁裂縫種類、成因
實(shí)際上，混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)裂縫的成因復(fù)雜而繁多，甚至多種因素相互影響，但每一條裂縫均有其產(chǎn)生的一種或幾種主要原因?；炷翗蛄毫芽p的種類，就其產(chǎn)生的原因，大致可劃分如下幾種：

一、荷載引起的裂縫
混凝土橋梁在常規(guī)靜、動(dòng)荷載及次應(yīng)力下產(chǎn)生的裂縫稱荷載裂縫，歸納起來(lái)主要有直接應(yīng)力裂縫、次應(yīng)力裂縫兩種。
直接應(yīng)力裂縫是指外荷載引起的直接應(yīng)力產(chǎn)生的裂縫。裂縫產(chǎn)生的原因有：
1、 設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算階段，結(jié)構(gòu)計(jì)算時(shí)不計(jì)算或部分漏算；計(jì)算模型不合理；結(jié)構(gòu)受力假設(shè)與實(shí)際受力不符；荷載少算或漏算；內(nèi)力與配筋計(jì)

In recent years, our province transportation infrastructure obtained the swift and violent development, each place has constructed the massive concrete bridge. In the bridge construction and the use process, concerns because of appears the crack but to affect the project quality even to lead the report common occurence which the bridge breaks down collapses. The concrete dehiscence may say is "often is taken bad" and "frequently-occurring disease", is puzzling the bridge building technical personnel frequently. Actually, if adopts the certain design and the construction measure, very many cracks are may overcome and control. In order to further strengthens to the concrete bridge crack understanding, avoids in the project appearing the harm big crack as far as possible, this article the reason which and produces to the concrete bridge crack type makes the comprehensive analysis, the summary as far as possible, by facilitates the design, the construction discovers the control crack the feasible means, achieves the guard in not however function .
L concrete bridge crack type, origin
In fact, the concrete structural cracks origin is complex and there are many kinds of factors, even they affect it mutually, but each crack ha