串聯(lián)式混合動(dòng)力汽車用永磁同步電機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)

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摘要：當(dāng)今世界，為了解決環(huán)境污染與能源減少兩大問題，全球各個(gè)國(guó)家都投入了巨額的人力、物力和財(cái)力積極尋找各種有效解決方案。在汽車行業(yè)，于是混合動(dòng)力汽車應(yīng)運(yùn)而生，目前技術(shù)運(yùn)用相對(duì)比較成熟。與傳統(tǒng)的發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)汽車相比，其發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)常常工作在最佳工況下，有效的降低了排放，提高了效率。而在采用電動(dòng)模式情況下，在某些特定區(qū)域，更能實(shí)現(xiàn)零排放。因此，考慮到它擁有傳統(tǒng)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)汽車及純電動(dòng)汽車的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，混合動(dòng)力汽車被廣泛的應(yīng)用。
另外，由于永磁同步電動(dòng)機(jī)以其結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單、效率高、功率因數(shù)高等優(yōu)勢(shì)特點(diǎn)，成為了混合動(dòng)力汽車驅(qū)動(dòng)電機(jī)中最具優(yōu)勢(shì)的電機(jī)類型，具有很廣闊的應(yīng)用前景。
本文通過(guò)圍繞串聯(lián)式混合動(dòng)力汽車的介紹以及永磁同步電動(dòng)機(jī)的參數(shù)計(jì)算與其結(jié)構(gòu)影響性能分析展開內(nèi)容。
首先，闡述了混合動(dòng)力汽車發(fā)展背景及研究意義，近年來(lái)國(guó)內(nèi)外混合動(dòng)力汽車發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀，串聯(lián)式、并聯(lián)式、混聯(lián)式三種典型結(jié)構(gòu)的混合動(dòng)力汽車的組成結(jié)構(gòu)以及工作原理，同時(shí)又重點(diǎn)介紹了串聯(lián)式混合動(dòng)力系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)及工作特點(diǎn)。
其次，分析了永磁同步電動(dòng)機(jī)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)、永磁體性能、永磁同步電動(dòng)機(jī)主要計(jì)算公式，同時(shí)基于電機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)軟件 Ansoft Maxwell 15設(shè)計(jì)額定功率為55kW的永磁同步電動(dòng)機(jī)，對(duì)其進(jìn)行了具體的參數(shù)計(jì)算，并對(duì)軟件做了簡(jiǎn)單的操作步驟。
最后，基于軟件對(duì)計(jì)算的額定功率為55kW永磁同步電動(dòng)機(jī)參數(shù)，比如氣隙大小、線徑與每槽導(dǎo)體數(shù)、永磁體磁化方向的寬度與厚度等進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)，得出優(yōu)化數(shù)據(jù)，對(duì)仿真結(jié)果作出說(shuō)明。
關(guān)鍵詞：混合動(dòng)力汽車 永磁同步電動(dòng)機(jī) ansoft軟件 有限元 仿真

Design for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine
of Series Hybrid Electric Vehicle
Abstract Nowadays, in order to solve two major problems of environment pollution and energy reduction. The whole countries have invested a huge amount of manpower , material and financial resources and seek effective solutions actively around the world. In the automotive industry, hybrid electric vehicle has emerged that technology is relatively mature currently. Compared with the conventional engine vehicles, the engines often work in the best conditions, and effectively reduce the emissions and improve efficiency. Meanwhile, at the case of the use of electric mode , in certain areas , it can help achieve zero emissions. Therefore, hybrid electric vehicle has both excellences, and it is widely used in the application
In addition, permanent magnet synchronous machine with the advantage of the simple structure, high efficiency and high power factor has become the most advantageous motor type of the hybrid electric vehicle drive motor currently, and has a broad application prospects.
This paper around introducing the series hybrid electric vehicle and calculating permanent magnet synchronous machine and analyzing structure affect for the performance, carries out the following contents:
Firstly, Introducing hybrid electric vehicle development background and significance, and the status of hybrid electric vehicle development at home and abroad in recently, and the composition principle and working principle of the SHEV、PHEV、PSHEV. Meanwhile , the work focuses on the structure and characteristics of series hybrid system.
Secondly, A brief introduction for the structure of permanent magnet synchronous machine、and permanent magnet、and giving out main dimensions formula for permanent magnet synchronous machine, At the same time, based on the Ansoft Maxwell 15，and designing the permanent magnet synchronous machine of the rated power 55kW , and calculating its specific parameters , and listing simple operation steps .
Finally, Based on the software, the calculation date for the rated power 55kW of permanent magnet synchronous machine is optimized, for example, the air gap size, line size and conductor per slot, the width and thickness of permanent magnet in the magnetized direction , and explaining the simulation results.
Keywords: Hybrid Electric Vehicle， Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine， Ansoft， Finite Element Analysis， Simulation


目 錄
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 選題背景及意義 1
1.2 混合動(dòng)力汽車發(fā)展概述 2
1.3 國(guó)內(nèi)外發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀 3
1.4本文所做內(nèi)容 5
第二章 混合動(dòng)力汽車系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu) 6
2.1 混合動(dòng)力汽車基本組成 6
2.2 混合動(dòng)力汽車聯(lián)接方式 6
2.2.1 串聯(lián)式混合動(dòng)力汽車 6
2.2.2 并聯(lián)式混合動(dòng)力汽車 7
2.2.3 混聯(lián)式混合動(dòng)力汽車 8
2.3 混合動(dòng)力汽車各結(jié)構(gòu)性能分析 9
2.4 串聯(lián)式混合動(dòng)力汽車結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn) 9
2.5本章小結(jié) 10
第三章 混合動(dòng)力汽車用永磁同步電機(jī)參數(shù)計(jì)算 11
3.1車用驅(qū)動(dòng)電動(dòng)機(jī)要求及選擇 11
3.1.1 車用驅(qū)動(dòng)電動(dòng)機(jī)的要求 11
3.1.2 車用電動(dòng)機(jī)的選擇 11
3.2 永磁同步電動(dòng)機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu) 13
3.2.1永磁同步電動(dòng)機(jī)基本組成 13
3.2.2轉(zhuǎn)子磁路結(jié)構(gòu)選擇 14
3.3 永磁材料性能分析 18
3.3.1 熱穩(wěn)定性 18
3.3.2 磁穩(wěn)定性 19
3.3.3 化學(xué)穩(wěn)定性 19
3.3.4 時(shí)間穩(wěn)定性 19
3.3.5 永磁材料的基本性能 19
3.3.6 永磁材料特點(diǎn) 21
3.4 永磁同步電動(dòng)機(jī)的參數(shù)計(jì)算 22
3.4.1 主要尺寸計(jì)算 23
3.4.2 轉(zhuǎn)子尺寸計(jì)算 24
3.4.3 永磁體尺寸選擇 24
3.4.4 電樞繞組選擇 24
3.4.5 定轉(zhuǎn)子沖片選擇 25
第四章 基于Ansoft軟件永磁同步電動(dòng)機(jī)設(shè)計(jì) 28-b..