船舶服務(wù)貿(mào)易—港口服務(wù)(外文翻譯)

內(nèi)包含中文翻譯和英文原文


中文： 2851字
英文： 9983字符


港口服務(wù)是指在在港口內(nèi)的乘客和貨物，從水路和海岸發(fā)生轉(zhuǎn)移的過程。作出的轉(zhuǎn)移只包括貨物和船只?；蛘哂械母劭诜?wù)分成：貨運(yùn)港口（只處理貨物轉(zhuǎn)移），乘客港口（只處理乘客的轉(zhuǎn)讓），旅客或貨物的組合港口（處理的貨物和乘客轉(zhuǎn)移）。
港口運(yùn)輸通常貨運(yùn)港服務(wù)。包括一般貨物和散裝貨物。一般（不包括散裝）貨物是各種大小和包裝貨物或粒度均勻和松散（非包裝）貨物發(fā)運(yùn)貨物重量或貨物發(fā)運(yùn)重量。前者是任何容器或零擔(dān)貨物，而后者則是整件貨物。集裝箱貨物，一般以標(biāo)準(zhǔn)集裝箱儲存貨物，一般為20或40英尺長沒有輪子 - 即，作為一個標(biāo)準(zhǔn)箱（20英尺當(dāng)量單位）或1弗（40英尺當(dāng)量單位）。零擔(dān)貨物一般貨物貨盤或者是在有線或繩升降荷蘭國際集團(tuán)上落船吊索包裝。整件貨物的例子包括汽車，鋼鐵和木材。散裝（干和液體）貨物的包裝，也不是沒有統(tǒng)一的尺寸和干散貨weights.Examples包括煤炭，糧食，原油和成品貨物，石油產(chǎn)品是液體，散裝貨物的例子。
貨運(yùn)港口的貨物是由非常類型描述進(jìn)行處理。如果一個港口，例如，大部分的貨柜處理（零擔(dān)）貨物，將被描述為一個容器（零擔(dān)） 端口。按客運(yùn)港口的客輪（突出的類型，而不是由乘客類型），在?？俊＠?，乘客可能是一個郵輪港口（碼頭）港口，在那里郵輪調(diào)用（渡船）船只突出。
一個海運(yùn)碼頭是在一個港口的貨物和乘客和船只轉(zhuǎn)移明顯的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施。港口可能有多個海運(yùn)碼頭 - 處理的貨物或貨物的不同類型相同的類型。港口的海運(yùn)碼頭可分通用或?qū)Ｓ谩Ｈ绻瞧胀ㄓ脩?，所有航運(yùn)公司的船只都可以打電話到現(xiàn)行政府進(jìn)行蓋章。如果專用，碼頭只限于船只調(diào)用由航運(yùn)線（或一方）擁有或租賃的海運(yùn)碼頭 ......




A port is a place at which the transfer of cargo and passengers to and from waterways and shores occurs. The transfers are made to and from vessels. The port maybe a cargo port (handling only the transfer of cargo),a passenger port (handling only the transfer of passengers), or a combination cargo passenger port (handling the transfer of both cargo and passengers).
Ports are typically cargo ports. Cargoes include general and bulk cargoes. General (drynon-bulk) cargoes are either goods of various sizes and weights shipped as packaged cargo or goods of uniform sizes and weights shipped as loose (non-packaged) cargo. The former is either container or breakbulk cargo, while the latter is neobulk cargo. Container cargo is general cargo stored in standardized containers, generally 20 or 40 feet in length without wheels – i.e., as a TEU (20-foot equivalent unit) or as a FEU (40-foot equivalent unit). Breakbulk cargo is general cargo that is packaged on pallets or in wire or rope slings for lift- ing on and off a vessel. Examples of neobulk cargo include automobiles, steel, and lumber. Bulk (dry and liquid) cargoes are cargoes that are neither packaged nor of uniform sizes and weights.Examples of dry-bulk cargo include coal and grains; crude oil and refined
petroleum products are examples of liquid-bulk cargo.
Cargo ports are described by the prominent type of cargo handled. If a port, for example, handles mostly container (breakbulk) cargo, it will be described as a container (breakbulk)
port. Passenger ports are classified by the prominent type of passenger vessel (rather than by the type of passenger) that calls at the port. For example, a passenger port may be a cruise (ferry) port, where calls by cruise (ferry) vessels are prominent.
A marine terminal is a distinct infrastructure within a port for the transfer of cargo and passengers to and from vessels. A port may have several marine terminals – for handling the same type of cargo or different types of cargo. A port’s marine terminals may be common- user or dedicated. If common-user, vessels of all shipping lines are allowed to call at the ter- minal subject to existing government regulations. If dedicated, the terminal is restricted to vessel calls by the shipping line (or party) that owns or leases the marine terminal ......