可編程控制器{外文翻譯}

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中文： 6638 字
英文： 19627 字符

介紹
可編程邏輯控制器(PLCs)作為控制器件已經(jīng)在機(jī)械系統(tǒng)中建立了一個(gè)不可動(dòng)搖的地位。因?yàn)樗麄冋純?yōu)勢(shì)的編程模式是梯型邏輯，基于繼電器邏輯，他們通常被看成一個(gè)完全不同級(jí)別的勝于以計(jì)算機(jī)為基礎(chǔ)的控制器算法語(yǔ)言的程序設(shè)計(jì)，像C語(yǔ)言。結(jié)果使那些略微懷介意的使用 PLCs和使用計(jì)算機(jī)的人分離開(kāi)。
通過(guò)對(duì)機(jī)械系統(tǒng)控制軟件(mechatronic軟件)工作/狀態(tài)設(shè)計(jì)和執(zhí)行模塊的使用，這兩個(gè)表面上不同的方法在實(shí)現(xiàn)機(jī)電一體化系統(tǒng)控制中能夠互相兼容。因?yàn)樵O(shè)計(jì)模塊涉及到計(jì)算的實(shí)現(xiàn)，控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)能夠容易的在PLCs和計(jì)算機(jī)之間相互轉(zhuǎn)化。這種統(tǒng)一是能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)的，因?yàn)樗惴ㄜ浖O(shè)計(jì)是基于導(dǎo)致掃描計(jì)算結(jié)構(gòu)的完全無(wú)塊碼的設(shè)計(jì)。這結(jié)構(gòu)和PLCs使用的梯形掃描法則是完全地一致。
機(jī)械控制系統(tǒng)的特點(diǎn)是相關(guān)的控制實(shí)施都經(jīng)過(guò)計(jì)算?？刂圃谶@里包括控制功能性的全部階段：先后順序，操作員接口，安全，診斷和信號(hào)處理 ......



Introduction
Programmable logic controllers (PLCs) have established a firm place as control elements for mechanical systems. Because their dominant programming model is ladder logic, based on relay logic, they are usually viewed as an entirely different class of device than computer-based controllers programmed in algorithmic languages such as C. The result is separate, somewhat hostile communities of people, those who use PLCs and those who use computers.
Through the use of a task/state design and implementation model for mechanical system control software (mechatronic software) these two seemingly disparate means of implementing mechatronic system control can be reconciled. Because the design model relates closely to its computational realization, control system designs can be transported between PLCs and computers relatively easily. This reconciliation is possible because the algorithmic software design is based on fully nonblocking code leading to a scanning computational structure. This structure is completely consistent with the rung-scanning algorithm used by PLCs.
Mechatronic systems are characterized by relatively sophisticated control implemented through computation. "Control" in this context covers the full gamut of control functionality: sequencing, operator interface, safety, diagnostics, and signal processing, in addition to feedback control functionality where needed. Two technologies to implement this control have existed side-by-side ......