摘 要

PCB數(shù)控一軸鉆銑床是一種機(jī)電一體化的產(chǎn)品，是專用于PCB加工的數(shù)控機(jī)床。它是將機(jī)械技術(shù)﹑計(jì)算機(jī)與信息技術(shù)﹑系統(tǒng)技術(shù)﹑自動(dòng)控制技術(shù)﹑傳感檢測(cè)技術(shù)﹑伺服傳動(dòng)技術(shù)結(jié)合運(yùn)用的一門綜合學(xué)科的運(yùn)用。
機(jī)床采用先進(jìn)的直線滾動(dòng)軌跡、高精度滾珠絲桿和交流伺服電機(jī)、連軸器以及先進(jìn)的變頻器，與傳統(tǒng)的機(jī)床相比，本機(jī)床自動(dòng)化程度高、結(jié)構(gòu)更簡(jiǎn)單、生產(chǎn)效率高。
涉及微電子、計(jì)算機(jī)、自動(dòng)控制、精密機(jī)械、圖象處理等多種技術(shù),綜合性強(qiáng)，知識(shí)、技術(shù)、資金密度高，適用于高精度PCB的成形加工。
本文對(duì)機(jī)床的整機(jī)系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)、伺服給給機(jī)構(gòu)、工作裝置、機(jī)電匹配進(jìn)行了討論和分析，并對(duì)主機(jī)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的設(shè)計(jì)，主要包括機(jī)床動(dòng)力參數(shù)、主機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu)布置、伺服系統(tǒng)的選擇以及滾珠絲桿、滾動(dòng)導(dǎo)軌、聯(lián)軸器、滾動(dòng)軸承、交流伺服電機(jī)、高速電主軸等關(guān)鍵零部件的選擇和設(shè)計(jì)。
通過對(duì)機(jī)床的總體系統(tǒng)和結(jié)構(gòu)方案進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的分析和設(shè)計(jì)，使機(jī)床整機(jī)系統(tǒng)在功能、精度、剛度、抗振性、抗熱變形、自動(dòng)化程度、操作方便性等方面達(dá)到了設(shè)計(jì)要求。對(duì)機(jī)床的伺服進(jìn)給系統(tǒng)和傳動(dòng)方案進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的分析和設(shè)計(jì)，使機(jī)床到達(dá)了設(shè)計(jì)所規(guī)定的精度要求，為精密機(jī)械零件的加工奠定基礎(chǔ)。提高和改善了機(jī)床系統(tǒng)的加工特性，對(duì)機(jī)床采用的數(shù)控系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了原理、結(jié)構(gòu)及軟、硬件的組成和功能進(jìn)行了分析和說明。
綜上所述，通過設(shè)計(jì)，運(yùn)用所學(xué)的知識(shí)對(duì)數(shù)控鉆銑床的設(shè)計(jì)。使機(jī)床在各項(xiàng)技術(shù)指標(biāo)上達(dá)到了設(shè)計(jì)要求，從而使本數(shù)控機(jī)床滿足了PCB數(shù)控加工的工藝要求，為以后機(jī)械行業(yè)的發(fā)展提供微薄的力量。


關(guān)鍵詞： 數(shù)控機(jī)床，印刷電路板，伺服系統(tǒng)，機(jī)電匹配









ABSTRACT

PCB NC one-shaft drilling-milling machine tool is a kind of mechanical-electric integrative product and the three-shaft linkage NC appropriative print equipment based on the machining of PCB (Printed Circuit Board). Involved Mechanical Technology、Computer and Information Technology、Automatic control system technology sensing technology ﹑ detection technology and Servo drive technology.
The machine tool adopts advanced beeline rooling oriented track, high precision ball bearing screw shaft and AC servo electromotor technique, deals with many studies including micro-electronics, computer, auto-control, fine mechanicsand image manipulation, its comprehension is strong and its knowledge, technique and found density is high. It is used to the milling and drilling of high precision PCB.
The article discusses and analyzes the holistic system structure, servo feeding organ, working organ, NC organ and machinery electricity matching, and has carried out detailed designing and studying of holistic system and servo feeding system mainly including the estimation of driving parameter of the machine tool, the design of holistic structure layout, the selection of servo system, and the selection and proofing of key parts including ball bearing screw shaft, beeline oriented track, crosshead, ball bearing, AC servo electromotor, principal axis.
It up to the design requirements about functions, precision, stiffness, anti-vibration and heat deformation, the degree of automation, ease of operation Through the machine's overall system and structure of the programme carried out a detailed analysis and design.it up to the accuracy of design through detailed analysis and design in the feeding system and transmission programmes. Lay the foundation for recision machinery parts processing enhance and improve the Processing of Characteristics of Mechanical systems .it analys and descript in the Principle, structure and software and hardware components and functions.
Above all. Through the design.useing the knowledge of the design of CNC milling machine drilling.it meet the design requirements in various technical indicators.it apply low strength for the development of Machinery Industry.


Key words: NC machine tool, PCB, servo system, machinery electricity matching

目 錄

中文摘要 Ⅰ
ABSTRACT Ⅱ
1 緒論 1
2 機(jī)床的總體設(shè)計(jì) 4
2.1機(jī)床的主要技術(shù)參數(shù)的確定 4
2.1.1機(jī)床主參數(shù)及基本參數(shù) 4
2.1.2運(yùn)動(dòng)參數(shù)的確定 4
2.1.3動(dòng)力參數(shù)的確定 6
2.2整機(jī)的系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) 9
2.2.1機(jī)械系統(tǒng) 10
2.2.2數(shù)控裝置 10
2.2.3輔助裝置 11
2.3機(jī)床的總體布局 11
2.3.1機(jī)床的整體布局 11
2.3.2機(jī)床各主要組成部件機(jī)構(gòu)方案分析 12
2.4機(jī)床傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) 13
3 伺服進(jìn)給系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) 16
3.1伺服進(jìn)給系統(tǒng)的選擇設(shè)計(jì) 16
3.1.1伺服系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)要求 16
3.1.2伺服系統(tǒng)的類型分析與選擇 17
3.1.3伺服系統(tǒng)傳動(dòng)裝置的設(shè)計(jì) 19
3.2傳動(dòng)部件的選擇 20
3.2.1滾珠絲桿副的選擇計(jì)算 20
3.2.2滾珠絲桿支承方式和軸承的選擇與校核 31
3.2.3連軸器的設(shè)計(jì) 34
3.2.4導(dǎo)軌副的選擇與分析 36
3.2.5伺服電機(jī)的選擇 38
4 機(jī)床的工作和數(shù)控裝置設(shè)計(jì) 43
4.1機(jī)床的工作裝置 43
4.1.1機(jī)床的工作裝置 43
4.1.2電主軸的選擇 44
4.2機(jī)床的數(shù)控裝置 45
4.2.1 CNC數(shù)控系統(tǒng) 45
4.2.2機(jī)床的數(shù)控系統(tǒng) 47
5 結(jié)論 51
致謝 52
參考文獻(xiàn)