電阻爐高精度溫度控制


摘    要
本文介紹了電阻爐溫度控制的原理，完成了電阻爐控制系統(tǒng)的數(shù)學(xué)建模，設(shè)計了一種自整定FUZZY一PID雙?？刂破鳎_定了雙模復(fù)合控制算法，編寫了相關(guān)軟件對該模型的功能進(jìn)行測試。該系統(tǒng)將模糊控制和PID控制有機結(jié)合。基本思想是：大誤差時，系統(tǒng)采用模糊控制；小誤差時，系統(tǒng)切換到PID控制。仿真結(jié)果表明，對于一階純滯后系統(tǒng)，該控制算法具有結(jié)構(gòu)簡單、動態(tài)響應(yīng)速度快、穩(wěn)態(tài)精度高、魯棒性強的特點。并且，由于采用了繼電自整定法，PID的三個參數(shù)能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)自動整定，避免了人工整定的麻煩，實現(xiàn)了最佳控制。實驗結(jié)果表明，在經(jīng)過初啟動時的短時間過渡過程后，全程的控溫精度為士3攝氏度，在加熱元件所能達(dá)到的最大升溫速率下，系統(tǒng)升溫速率任意可調(diào);在不比自然降溫快時，降溫速率任意可調(diào)。相信經(jīng)過進(jìn)一步的完善后，系統(tǒng)將會取得很好的經(jīng)濟效益。關(guān)鍵詞:電阻爐;模糊控制;PID控制;溫度控制

Abstract
In this paper, temperature-controlled resistance furnace principle, the completion of the resistance furnace control system for mathematical modeling, the design of a self-tuning PID of a dual-mode controller FUZZY identified dual-mode hybrid control algorithms, the preparation of the relevant software to the model functions for testing. The system of fuzzy control and PID control of the organic integration. The basic idea is: big error, the system uses a fuzzy control; small error, the system switch to PID control. The simulation results show that for the first-order time delay system, the control algorithm is simple, fast dynamic response, steady-state and high precision, the characteristics of robustness. In addition, due to the fixed relay self-tuning, PID parameters can be achieved in three auto-tuning to avoid the trouble of people will be neat, to achieve the best control. The experimental results show that After a short period of time when starting the beginning of the transition process, the whole accuracy of the temperature 3 degrees Celsius with disabilities, in the heating elements can achieve the maximum heating rate, the system of arbitrary adjustable heating rate; in faster than natural cooling, the cooling rate arbitrary adjustable.Believe that, after further improvement of the system will be the economic benefits of good
Key words: The electric sintering furnace;Fuzzy control;PID control;    Self-tuning FUZZY一PID multiple control Temperature control

目  錄
第一章　緒  論......................................................1
第二章  電阻爐溫度控制系統(tǒng)原理......................................7
2.1電阻爐溫度控制系統(tǒng)原理.......................................7
2.2控制系統(tǒng)中的晶閘管技術(shù).......................................7
2.3控制對象的數(shù)學(xué)建模...........................................9
第三章  電阻爐的參數(shù)繼電自整定PID控制.............................11
3.1 PID控制技術(shù)簡介............................................11
3.2 PID參數(shù)繼電自整定方法............................................12
3.2.1  PID參數(shù)繼電自整定原理....................................12
3.2.2  繼電特性參數(shù)的確定..........................................14
3.3ITAE最佳傳遞函數(shù)............................................15
第四章  電阻爐的模糊控制...........................................16
4.1常規(guī)模糊控制的基本原理.....................................16
4.2常規(guī)模糊控制系統(tǒng)的性能分析.................................21
4.3自整定Fuzzy-PID雙模復(fù)合控制器..............................23
4.4不同控制器的仿真比較.......................................24
第五章電阻爐溫度控制系統(tǒng)軟件設(shè)計...................................26
5.1人機界面的設(shè)計.............................................26
5.2主控制程序的設(shè)計...........................................26
5.3實驗結(jié)果...................................................32
第六章  全文總結(jié)...................................................35
參考文獻(xiàn)...................................................................36